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The effects of substrate composition and phosphorus source on the photosynthetic indexes, flowering time, and corm production of Freesia refracta Klatt
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Ali Pourkhaloee *   , Samira Haghnegahdar , Hamid Reza Karimi , Mohammad Hossein Azimi |
| Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan |
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Abstract: (557 Views) |
In the present study, corms of a local diploid genotype of freesia (OPRC434) were planted in sand (100%), sand (50%) + peat moss (50%), peat moss (80%) + perlite (20%), peat moss (60%) + perlite (40%), and peat moss (40%) + perlite (60%). After corm sprouting, plants received monopotassium phosphate (150 or 300 mg/L) or monoammonium phosphate (132 or 264 mg/L). Plants in peat moss (40%) + perlite (60%) that received 132 mg/L of monoammonium phosphate, showed the highest average of stomatal conductance (0.071 µmol H2O m-2 s-1) with an increase of approximately twofold. The photosynthesis rate did not show a significant difference among different ratios of peat moss + perlite. In peat moss (40%) + perlite (60%) and by the application of 150 mg/L of monopotassium phosphate, the minimum number of days from planting to flowering was obtained (87.75 d). All the plants grown in peat moss (60%) + perlite (40%) managed to produce flowers, which was almost twice the flowering percentage of the plants grown in sand (100%). The maximum average weight of daughter corms (7.45 g) was obtained in peat moss (60%) + perlite (40%), which was approximately 2.5 times the average weight of daughter corm produced in sand (100%). The heaviest cormlets (2.92 g) were obtained in the peat moss (40%) + perlite (60%), which were almost 2 times heavier than the cormlets produced in the 100% sand (1.42 g). Considering flowering and yield, peat moss (60%) + perlite (40%) and 150 mg/L monopotassium phosphate were the best and most economical substrates and source/concentration of phosphorus. However, considering the cut flower price of diploid freesia in Iran, its soilless cultivation at the commercial level needs economic assessments. However, the results of the present study will be useful for growing this freesia genotype in scientific research or home gardening.
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| Keywords: Mono-ammonium phosphate, Mono-potassium phosphate, Photosynthesis, Stomatal conductance, Transpiration |
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Full-Text [PDF 744 kb]
(93 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2024/10/13 | Accepted: 2024/11/9 | Published: 2024/12/24
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