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:: دوره 8، شماره 1 - ( بهار و تابستان 1402 ) ::
جلد 8 شماره 1 صفحات 104-89 برگشت به فهرست نسخه ها
اثر غلظت‌های مختلف نیتروژن و پتاسیم بر شاخص‌های مورفو-فیزیولوژیک کلم زینتی
مسعود قاسمی قهساره* ، نجمه فتاحی دهکردی
دانشگاه شهرکرد
چکیده:   (1011 مشاهده)
کلم‌های زینتی (Brassica oleracea acephalla) از مهمترین گیاهان فصل پاییز هستند که به دلیل تحمل سرما و یخبندان شاید بتوان گفت تنها گیاهان زینت‌بخش باغچه‌های فضای سبز در فصل سرما هستند. تغذیه و دما از عوامل مهم موثر بر کیفیت گیاه به‌ویژه از نظر ارتفاع، اندازه و رنگ تاج، اندازه و تعداد برگ است. برای بررسی تأثیر برهمکنش غلظت‌های مختلف کودهای نیتروژن و پتاسیم بر شاخصهای مورفو-فیزیولوژیک کلم زینتی، آزمایشی در هوای آزاد و به صورت گلدانی در بستر خاک انجام شد. تیمارها شامل برهمکنش غلظت‌های 125، 175 و 225 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر نیتروژن و پتاسیم (از منبع اوره و سولفات پتاسیم K2SO4) و آب مقطر (به عنوان شاهد) بود. نتایج نشان داد که تیمارها بر تمام شاخص‌های اندازه‌گیری شده اثر معنی‌دار داشتند. بیشترین وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی مربوط به تیمار N:K برابر 175:175، بیشترین تعداد برگ در تیمار 125:125، بیشترین قطر تاج در تیمار 225:225 و بیشترین محتوای کلروفیل برگ مربوط به نیتروژن 175 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر همراه با غلظت‌های مختلف پتاسیم، قند محلول در تیمارهای حاوی 175 و 225 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر نیتروژن و پتاسیم و پرولین در تیمار 225:225 حاصل شد. بیشترین مقدار آنتوسیانین مربوط به شاهد و بین تیمارهای کوددهی مربوط به سطح 125 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر پتاسیم بود. بر اساس این مشاهدات و همچنین با توجه به اهمیت شاخص‌ قطر تاج در کلم­زینتی، می‌توان مقدار 175 تا 225 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر نیتروژن همراه با 225 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر پتاسیم را برای رشد مطلوب این گیاه پیشنهاد کرد.


واژه‌های کلیدی: آنتوسیانین، قطر تاج، کلروفیل، کلم، کوددهی
متن کامل [PDF 875 kb]   (227 دریافت)    
نوع مطالعه: پژوهشي | موضوع مقاله: تخصصي
دریافت: 1402/5/1 | پذیرش: 1402/8/8 | انتشار: 1402/9/26
فهرست منابع
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11. Delgado, R., González, M.R., Martín, P. (2006). Interaction effects of nitrogen and potassium fertilization on anthocyanin composition and chromatic features of Tempranillo grapes. Journal International des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, 40(3), 141. [DOI:10.20870/oeno-one.2006.40.3.870]
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32. McAvoy, R. (1994). Cultural tips for ornamental cabbage and kale. CT Greenhouse Newsletter, 180, 13-15.
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51. American Takii. (1992). Cultural Information on Flowering kale (p. 4).
52. Arena, M.E., Pastur, G.M., Lencinas, M.V., Soler, R., Bustamante, G. (2020). Changes in the leaf nutrient and pigment contents of Berberis microphylla G. Forst. in relation to irradiance and fertilization. Heliyon, 6(1) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03264 [DOI:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03264..]
53. Armengaud, P., Sulpice, R., Miller, A. J., Stitt, M., Amtmann, A., Gibon, Y. (2009). Multilevel analysis of primary metabolism provides new insights into the role of potassium nutrition for glycolysis and nitrogen assimilation in Arabidopsis roots. Plant Physiol, 150, 772-785. [DOI:10.1104/pp.108.133629]
54. Benincasa, P., Guiducci, M., Tei, F. (2011). The nitrogen use efficiency: meaning and sources of variation - case studies on three vegetable crops in central Italy. HortTechnology, 21(3), 266-273. [DOI:10.21273/HORTTECH.21.3.266]
55. Blank, F. (1947). The anthocyanin pigments of plants. The Botanical Review, 13(5), 241-317. [DOI:10.1007/BF02861798]
56. Boroujerdnia, M., Ansari, N.A. (2007). Effect of Different Levels of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Cultivars on Growth, Yield and Yield Components of Romaine Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Middle Eastern and Russian Journal of Plant Science and Biotechnology, 1(2), 47-53.
57. Cakmak, I., Hengeler, C., Marschner, H. (1994). Partitioning of shoot and root dry matter and carbohydrates in bean plants suffering from phosphorus, potassium and magnesium deficiency, Journal of Experimental Botany, 45, 1245-1250. [DOI:10.1093/jxb/45.9.1245]
58. Cardarelli, M., Rouphael, Y., Muntean, D., Colla, G. (2015). Growth, quality index, and mineral composition of five ornamental cabbage cultivars grown under different nitrogen fertilization rates. HortScience, 50(5), 688-693. [DOI:10.21273/HORTSCI.50.5.688]
59. Chenard, C.H., Kopsell, D.A., Kopsell, D.E. (2005). Nitrogen concentration affects nutrient and carotenoid accumulation in parsley. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 28(2), 285-297. [DOI:10.1081/PLN-200047616]
60. Delgado, R., González, M.R., Martín, P. (2006). Interaction effects of nitrogen and potassium fertilization on anthocyanin composition and chromatic features of Tempranillo grapes. Journal International des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, 40(3), 141. [DOI:10.20870/oeno-one.2006.40.3.870]
61. Delgado, R., Martín, P., Del Álamo, M., González, M.R. (2004). Changes in the phenolic composition of grape berries during ripening in relation to vineyard nitrogen and potassium fertilization rates. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 84(7), 623-630. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.1685 [DOI:10.1002/jsfa.1685.]
62. Everaarts, A.P., & De Moel, C.P. (1998). The effect of nitrogen and the method of application on yield and quality of white cabbage. European Journal of Agronomy, 9(2-3), 203-211. [DOI:10.1016/S1161-0301(98)00038-0]
63. Freyman, S., Toivonen, P.M., Lin, W.C., Perrin, P.W., Hall, J.W. (1991). Effect of nitrogen fertilization on yield, storage losses and chemical composition of winter cabbage. Canadian journal of plant science, 71(3), 943-946. [DOI:10.4141/cjps91-135]
64. Ghasemi Ghehsareh, M., Kafi, M. (2016). General floriculture. Author publication, 215p. (In Persian).
65. Gibson, J.L., Whipker, B.E. (2001). Revising the fertilization strategy for ornamental cabbage. https://gpnmag.com/article/revising-fertilizer-strategy-ornamental-cabbage. Accessed August 2001.
66. Gibson, J.L., Whipker, B.E. (2003). Ornamental cabbage quality improved by continual fertilization through center-head coloration. HortScience, 38(7), 1381-1384. [DOI:10.21273/HORTSCI.38.7.1381]
67. Glass, A.D.M. (2003). Nitrogen use efficiency of crop plants: physiological constraints upon nitrogen absorption. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 22(5), 453-470. [DOI:10.1080/07352680390243512]
68. Gülser, F. (2005). Effects of ammonium sulphate and urea on NO3- and NO2- accumulation, nutrient contents and yield criteria in spinach. Scientia Horticulturae. Scientia Horticulturae, 106(3), 330-340. [DOI:10.1016/j.scienta.2005.05.007]
69. Guttormsen G. (1996). Virkningen av nitrogengjödsling paÊ avling, kvalitet og lagringsevne hos kinakaÊl. Norsk Dindbruksforsking, 10, 74-80.
70. Hirsch, R.E., Sussman, M.R. (1999). Improving nutrient capture from soil by the genetic manipulation of crop plants. Trends in Biotechnology, 17(9), 356-361. [DOI:10.1016/S0167-7799(99)01332-3]
71. Jin, S.W., Rahim, M.A., Kim, H.T., Park, J.I., Kang, J.G., Nou, I.S. (2018). Molecular analysis of anthocyanin-related genes in ornamental cabbage. Genome, 61(2), 111-120. [DOI:10.1139/gen-2017-0098]
72. Keller, M., Hrazdina, G. (1998). Interaction of nitrogen availability during bloom and light intensity during veraison. II. Effects on anthocyanin and phenolic development during grape ripening. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 49(3), 341-349. [DOI:10.5344/ajev.1998.49.3.341]
73. Khoshgoftarmanesh, A.H. (2014). Principles of Plant Nutrition (2nd ed.). Isfahan University of Technology. 540p. (In Persian).
74. Kliewer, W.M. (1977). Influence of temperature, solar radiation and nitrogen on coloration and composition of Emperor grapes. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 28(2), 96-103. [DOI:10.5344/ajev.1977.28.2.96]
75. Lichtenthaler, H.K., Wellburn, A.R. (1983). Determinations of total carotenoids and chlorophylls a and b of leaf extracts in different solvents. Biochemical Society Transactions. 591-592. [DOI:10.1042/bst0110591]
76. Luczai, R.T. (1992). Flowering cabbage and kale: Ideal for use in late fall landscapes. PPGA News, 23(4), 2-3.
77. MacDonald, W.N., Blom, T.J., Tsujita, M.J., Shelp, B.J. (2013). Improving nitrogen use efficiency of potted chrysanthemum: Strategies and benefits. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 93(6), 1009-1016. [DOI:10.4141/cjps2013-098]
78. Maness, N. (2010). Extraction and analysis of soluble carbohydrates. In: Sunkar R. (ed.). Plant stress tolerance: methods and protocols, Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London, pp. 341-370. [DOI:10.1007/978-1-60761-702-0_22]
79. Marquardt, B., Schlemmer, R. (1996). Flowering kale: Fall color for late sales. GrowerTalks, 60(3), 68-69.
80. Marschner, H. (2011). Marschner's mineral nutrition of higher plants. Academic press. 651p.
81. McAvoy, R. (1994). Cultural tips for ornamental cabbage and kale. CT Greenhouse Newsletter, 180, 13-15.
82. McDougall, G.J., Fyffe, S., Dobson, P., Stewart, D. (2007). Anthocyanins from red cabbage-stability to simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Phytochemistry, 68(9), 1285-1294. [DOI:10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.02.004]
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Ghasemi Ghehsareh M. Effects of different concentrations of Nitrogen and Potassium on morpho-physiological indices of ornamental kale. FOP 2023; 8 (1) :89-104
URL: http://flowerjournal.ir/article-1-281-fa.html

قاسمی قهساره مسعود، فتاحی دهکردی نجمه. اثر غلظت‌های مختلف نیتروژن و پتاسیم بر شاخص‌های مورفو-فیزیولوژیک کلم زینتی. گل و گیاهان زینتی. 1402; 8 (1) :89-104

URL: http://flowerjournal.ir/article-1-281-fa.html



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گل و گیاهان زینتی Flower and Ornamental Plants
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