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:: Volume 4, Issue 1 (10-2019) ::
FOP 2019, 4(1): 13-25 Back to browse issues page
Studying the effect of phosphorus on flowering and vegetative traits of zinnia (Zinnia sp.) in vermicompost medium
Fatemeh Rahmani * , Amirali Mohammadi , Hossein Moradi
Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Sari University, Sari, Iran.
Abstract:   (4215 Views)
Zinnia flowers have long flowering period and used as ornamental pot plants and cut flowers and also outdoor in landscape. In a greenhouse, the effects of phosphorus spray, and adding vermicompost to the medium on the characteristics of vegetative and flowering traits in zinnia were studied. Treatments consisted of phosphorus at three levels (0, 0.5 and 1 mg kg-1) and vermicompost at three levels (0, 10 and 20% vol). The experiment was factorial based on a completely randomized design with three replications. Plants grown in greenhouse conditions for two months. The plants were then cut off from the crown and the leaves and stems were separated. Some of the traits measured included dry weight of the plant, chlorophyll content, vegetation index, root length, flowering stalk, and flower diameter. The results showed that the use of phosphorus and vermicompost at higher percentages had a significant effect on the measured traits compared to control. The highest diameter of flower was 5.5 cm and the maximum length of flowering stem was 32.5 cm in treatment of 1 mg kg-1 phosphorus and 20% vermicompost. Furthermore, chlorophyll a and b (SPad), fresh and dry weights, and vegetation index were observed at levels of vermicompost of 20% and phosphorus of 0.5 and 1 mg kg-1. The results showed that adding vermicompost to the medium with foliar application of phosphorus improves vegetative and reproductive traits of zinnia flowers.
Keywords: Culture Medium, Flower Diameter, Yield, Chlorophyll, Greenhouse
Full-Text [PDF 881 kb]   (1146 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Research | Subject: Special
Received: 2019/11/29 | Accepted: 2019/11/29 | Published: 2019/11/29
References
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3. Ahmad H, Sajjid M, Hayat S, Ullah R, Ali M, Jamal A, Rahman A, Aman Z, and Ali, J (2017). Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Strawberry (Frageria ananasa Dutch) under Different Phosphorus Levels. Research in Agriculture, 2(2): p.19. [DOI:10.22158/ra.v2n2p19]
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29. Rezaee Moadab, A., Nabavi Kalat, S.M., Sadrabadi Haghaghi, R. (2013). Effects of biological fertilizer and vermicompost on vegetative yield and essential oil of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under Mashhad climatic conditions. Journal of Agroecology, 5(4), 350-362. (In Persian).
30. Rouhi , V., Shiran, B., Mohamadkhani, A. (2014). Effects of Calcium Chloride, Gibberellin and Benzyladenine on Qualitative and Quantitative Characteristics and Flower Longevity of Zinnia (Zinnia elegans J.). Journal of Horticultural Science, 27(4), 244-252. (In Persian).
31. Samartzidis C T, Awada E, Maloupa K, Radoglou and H I A Constantinidou (2005). Rose productivity and physiological responses to different substrates for soil-less culture. Sci. Hort. 106: 203-212 [DOI:10.1016/j.scienta.2005.02.020]
32. Scott M A (1988). The use of worm -digested animal wastes as a supplement to peat in leas composts for hardy nursery stocks. In: Edwards, C.A.,and Neuhayser, E. (eds.) Earthworm in Waste and Enviromental Management. SPB Academic Press, Netherlands. 221-229.
33. Vakili Shahrbabaki, S.M.A., Nasr, N. (2016). Effects of phosphorus and zinc on yield and yield components of Plantago ovata Forsk. Iranian Journal of Medical and Aromatic Plants, 3(5), 891-902. (In Persian).
34. Abdel-Sabour M F, Abo El-Seoud, M A, and Rizk, M (1999). Physiological and chemicalresponse of sunflower to previous organic waste composts application to sandy soils. EgyptJ. Soil Sci. 3(9): 407-420.
35. Abou El-yazeid A, Abou-Aly H E, Mady M, and Moussa S A M (2007). Enhancing growth productivity dissolving microorganism (Bio-phosphor) combined with boron foliar. Agricultural and Biological Sciences. 3(4):274-286.
36. Ahmad H, Sajjid M, Hayat S, Ullah R, Ali M, Jamal A, Rahman A, Aman Z, and Ali, J (2017). Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Strawberry (Frageria ananasa Dutch) under Different Phosphorus Levels. Research in Agriculture, 2(2): p.19. [DOI:10.22158/ra.v2n2p19]
37. Ahmad S R, Ahmad, M Y Ashraf, M Ashraf and E A Waraich (2009). Sunflower (Helianthus annuusL.) response to drought stress at germination and seedling growth stages. Pak. J. Botany. 41(2): 647-654.
38. Atiyeh R M, Arancon N, Edwards C A and Metzger J D ( 2004). Influence of earth worm processed pig manure on the growth and yields of greenhouse peppers. Bioresource Technology. 9(3): 139-144. [DOI:10.1016/j.biortech.2003.10.015]
39. Azizi, M., Rezvani, F., Hasanzadeh Khayat, M., Lakzian, A., Nemati, H. (2008). The effect of different levels of vermicompost and irrigation on morphological characteristics and essential oil of German chamomile (Matricaria recutita) cultivar Goral. Iranian Journal of Medical and Aromatic Plants, 2(4), 82-93. (In Persian).
40. Bachman G, R and Davis W E (2000). Growth of Magnolia virginiana liners in vermicompost - amended media. Pedo Biologia. 4(3):579-590.
41. Bachman C R and J D Metzger (2008). Growth of bedding plants in commercial potting substrate amended with vermicompost. Bioresour. Technol. 9(9): 3155-3161. [DOI:10.1016/j.biortech.2007.05.069]
42. Bayverdi, M., Siadat, H. (2006). Agriculture, Fertilizers and the Environment (Translate). Nezhat Publishing Institute. Yara International Company, 305 P. (In Persian).
43. Darzi M, Ghalavand T A , and Rejali F (2008). Effect of mycorrhiza, Vermicompost and biological phosphate fertilizer on flowering, yield and symbiotic root, fennel medicinal plant. Journal of Crop Science. 10 (1):109-88.
44. Edwards C A and I Burrows (1988). The potential of earthworm composts as plant growth media. In: Earthworms in Waste and Environmental Management, SPB Academic Publ. Co, The Hague, The Netherlands. 211-219 PP.
45. Gajalakshmi S, and S A Abbasi (2002). Effect of the application of water hyacinth compost/vermicompost on
46. growth and flowering of Crossandera undolaefolia and on several vegetables. Bioresour. Technol. 8(5): 197-199.
47. H. Amjazi , Hamidpour, M. (2012).Effects of phosphorus, vermicompost and natural zeolite on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Zinnia elegans. Journal of Greenhouse Culture Science and Technology, 10(3), 79 - 87. (In Persian).
48. Hamidpour, M., Fathi, S., Roosta, H.R. (2013). Effects of zeolite and vermicompost on growth characteristics and concentration of some nutrients in Petunia hybrida. Journal of Greenhouse Culture Science and Technology, 4(13), 95-103. (In Persian).
49. Hashemabadi D and Zarchini M (2000). Yield and quality management of rose (Rosa hybrid cv. Poison) with plant growth regulators. Journal of Plant Omics. 3(6): 167-17.
50. Jafari, S.R., Nikkhah, M., Zarei, Gh.R., Zarezadeh, A. (2015). Effect of phosphate and nitrogen fertilizer levels on the leaves and branches fresh and dry matter and essential oil Brazmbl (Perovskia abrotanoides L). Journal of Plant Ecophysiology, 7(22), 179-189. (In Persian).
51. Khalvati M A, Mozafar A, Schmidhalter U (2005). Quantification of water uptake by arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphae and its significance for leaf growth, water relations, and gas exchange of barleysubjected to drought stress. Plant Biology.1(7): 706-712. [DOI:10.1055/s-2005-872893]
52. Khandan-Mirkohi, M., Kazemi, F., Babalar, M., Naderi, R. (2015). Effect of limited application of phosphorus on height and performance quality of geranium. Journal of Soil and Plant Interactions, 5 (20), 63-69. (In Persian).
53. Mahboub Khomami, A., Hashemabadi, D., Barari Tajany, A., Fallah, A. (2017). A comparison of the effects of chemical and biological phosphorus fertilizer on phosphorus uptake and yield of Ornamental calendula (Calendula officinalis). Applied Soil Reseach, 5(1), 79-91. (In Persian).
54. Mahboub Khomami, A., Moharam Mammdov, G. (2016). Feasibility of growth and nutrition of Dieffenbachia amoena 'Tropic Snow' in pot growth-medium amended with sugarcane bagasse vermicompost. Journal of Soil and Plant Interactions, 6 (24), 23-29. (In Persian). [DOI:10.18869/acadpub.ejgcst.6.4.23]
55. Moazzen Sh, Daneshian J, Valadabadi S A, Baghdadi H (2007). Study of plant population and phosphate fertilization on some agronomic characters and seed and fruit yield of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.). Iranian Journal of Medicina and Aromatic Plants. 22(4): 397-409.
56. Moradi M, Mdani H, Pilevari Khomami R (2010). The application of biological phosphorus andphosphorus chemical characteristics compared with a sunflower in Arak. Proceedings of the Eleventh Congress of Crop Science.2262 - 2265, pp.
57. Najafi N, Mardomi S (2012). The effects of waterlogging, sewage sludge and manure onthe growth characteristics of sunflower in a sandy loam soil. J. Water Soil. 25(6): 1264-1276. (In Persian).
58. Nemati, N., Pazoki, A., Naderi, Gh., Taherabadi, S. (2016). The study of biological manure effect on decreasing demand chemical fertilizer in Hyssopus officinalis L. Journal of New Finding in Agricultural, 9(2), 138-147. (In Persian).
59. Pooruosef M, Mazaheri D, Chaichi M R, Rahimi A, Tavakoli A (2010). Effects of soil fertility treatments on some morphological characteristics Agro morphologic and psyllium mucilage. Journal of Crop Production, 2(1): 21-25. (In Persian).
60. Rasouli, P. (2017). Investigation of the effect of vermicomposts from organic waste on the growth characteristics of chrysanthemums. The First National Conference on Crop and Garden Production, Gonbad-e-Kavous University. (In Persian).
61. Razaq M , Zhang P, Shen, H L (2017). Influence of nitrogen and phosphorous on the growth and root morphology of Acer mono. PloS one. 12(2):171-321. [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0171321]
62. Rezaee Moadab, A., Nabavi Kalat, S.M., Sadrabadi Haghaghi, R. (2013). Effects of biological fertilizer and vermicompost on vegetative yield and essential oil of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under Mashhad climatic conditions. Journal of Agroecology, 5(4), 350-362. (In Persian).
63. Rouhi , V., Shiran, B., Mohamadkhani, A. (2014). Effects of Calcium Chloride, Gibberellin and Benzyladenine on Qualitative and Quantitative Characteristics and Flower Longevity of Zinnia (Zinnia elegans J.). Journal of Horticultural Science, 27(4), 244-252. (In Persian).
64. Samartzidis C T, Awada E, Maloupa K, Radoglou and H I A Constantinidou (2005). Rose productivity and physiological responses to different substrates for soil-less culture. Sci. Hort. 106: 203-212 [DOI:10.1016/j.scienta.2005.02.020]
65. Scott M A (1988). The use of worm -digested animal wastes as a supplement to peat in leas composts for hardy nursery stocks. In: Edwards, C.A.,and Neuhayser, E. (eds.) Earthworm in Waste and Enviromental Management. SPB Academic Press, Netherlands. 221-229.
66. Vakili Shahrbabaki, S.M.A., Nasr, N. (2016). Effects of phosphorus and zinc on yield and yield components of Plantago ovata Forsk. Iranian Journal of Medical and Aromatic Plants, 3(5), 891-902. (In Persian).
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Rahmani F, mohammadi A, Moradi H. Studying the effect of phosphorus on flowering and vegetative traits of zinnia (Zinnia sp.) in vermicompost medium. FOP 2019; 4 (1) :13-25
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Volume 4, Issue 1 (10-2019) Back to browse issues page
گل و گیاهان زینتی Flower and Ornamental Plants
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