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انگیزش پینه و اندامزایی در شیپوری گلدانی (Zantedeschia spp. cv Orania)
Callus production and organogenesis in pot calla lily (Zantedeschia spp. cv. Orania)
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Research
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="position:absolute;z-index:-1895821824;left:0px;margin-left:553px;margin-top:549px;width:62px;height:62px;"><img alt="logo fa" height="62" src="file:///C:/Users/IRANZA~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.jpg" width="62" ></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شیپوری</span></span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از گیاهان زینتی تکلپه به شمار میرود که هم بهعنوان گیاه گلدانی و هم گل بریدنی در سراسر دنیا مشهور است</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">. </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در این پژوهش، برای بررسی باززایی غیرمستقیم، از ریزنمونههای مختلف شیپوری گلدانی رقم </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">Orania</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> استفاده شد</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">. </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">برای تولید پینه، ریزنمونههای جوانه ژوخه، مریستم، و</span></span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نوک شاخساره های کشت بافتی و برشهای نازک </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">یاختهای </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ساقه در محیط پایه </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">MS</span></span></span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دارای غلظتهای مختلف </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">BAP</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> و </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">NAA</span></span></span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">کشت شدند</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">. </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">همچنین اثر کاربرد اسیدآمینه ال</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">-</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گلوتامین و آدنین سولفات بر میزان باززایی بررسی شد</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">.</span></span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بیشترین درصد پینهزایی </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">(3/73 درصد) </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از ریزنمونه مریستم در محیط کشت دارای </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">1 </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">میلی</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گرم در لیتر </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">BAP</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> به همراه </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">5/1 </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">میلیگرم در لیتر </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">NAA</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> بهدست آمد</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">. </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با توجه به کیفیت مناسب پینه به دست آمده از مریستم، این ریزنمونه به محیط کشت </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">MS</span></span></span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دارای</span></span></span> <span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">BAP</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> و آدنینسولفات و ال</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">-</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گلوتامین برای باززایی منتقل شد</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">. </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بالاترین درصد باززایی </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">(3/78 </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">درصد</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">)</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">، بیشترین میانگین شمار شاخه </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">(4/13 </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">عدد</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">) </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و میانگین طول شاخه </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">(06/51 </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">میلیمتر</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">) </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در تیمار </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">1 </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">میلی</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گرم در لیتر </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">BAP</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> به همراه </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">20</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> میلی</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گرم در لیتر آدنینسولفات و </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">300</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> میلی</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گرم در لیتر ال</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">-</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گلوتامین</span></span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دیده شد</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">. </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">افزودن زغال فعال به میزان </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">500 </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">میلیگرم در لیتر به محیط ریشه</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">زایی دارای</span></span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">25/0 </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">5/0 </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">میلیگرم بر لیتر </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">IAA</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> سرعت و کیفیت ریشه</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">زایی را افزایش داد</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">.</span></span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با توجه به اینکه شیپوری از گیاهان سختکار در زمینه کشت بافت به شمار میرود، کاربرد ال</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">-</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گلوتامین </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">(300 </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">میلیگرم در لیتر</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">) </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و آدنین سولفات </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">(20 </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">میلیگرم در لیتر</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">) </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">موجب افزایش کیفیت و شمار گیاهچههای باززایی شده شد</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">.</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> ریشهزایی بهینه شیپوری در محیط </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">MS</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> با غلظت </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">5/0 </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">میلیگرم بر لیتر </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">IAA</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> به همراه </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">500 </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">میلیگرم بر لیتر زغال فعال صورت گرفت</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">. </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گیاهچههای با طول مناسب به محیط کشت ریشهزایی منتقل شدند و در محیط کشت </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">MS</span></span></span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دارای</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> 5/0 </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">میلیگرم در لیتر </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">IAA</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> و </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">500 </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">میلیگرم در لیتر زغال فعال بیشترین درصد ریشهزایی </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">(3/88 </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">درصد</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">) </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دیده شد</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">. </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گیاهچه</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">های ریشهدار شده در گلدان</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">های دارای پرلایت و کوکوپیت به نسبت حجمی مناسب </span></span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و در شرایط گلخانه با موفقیت </span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">(</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بیش از 70 درصد) سازگار شدند</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Lotus;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">.</span></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">Calla lily (<em>Zantedeschia</em> spp.) is one of the monocotyledonous ornamental plants that is famous as pot plant and cut flower in the world. In the present study, in order to investigate indirect regeneration, different explants of calla lily cv. Orania were used in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). In order to produce callus, explants of tuber buds, meristem, shoot-tip from tissue cultured plantlets and thin cell layer of stem were cultured on MS medium with different concentrations of BAP and NAA as treatment combination. Afterwards, the effect of using amino acid L-glutamine and adenine sulfate on increasing the shoot induction percentage was investigated. The highest percentage of callus formation (73.3%) was obtained from meristem explant on the MS medium containing 1 mg L<sup>-1</sup> BAP along with 1.5 mg L<sup>-1</sup> NAA. Due to the good quality of calli induced from the meristem explants, this explant was transferred to MS medium containing BAP, adenine sulfate and L-glutamine for regeneration. Highest regeneration percentage (78.3%), highest average number of shoots (13.4) and average shoot length (51.6 mm) were obtained on the media containing 1 mg L<sup>-1</sup> BAP with 20 mg L<sup>-1</sup> adenine sulfate and 300 mg L<sup>-1</sup> L-Glutamine. Considering that calla lily is a recalcitrant plant in tissue culture, adding 500 mg L<sup>-1</sup> activated charcoal to the rooting medium containing 0.25 and 0.5 mg L<sup>-1</sup> IAA increased both rooting percentage and number of roots per plantlet. Furthermore, using amino acid L-glutamine (300 mg L<sup>-1</sup>) and adenine sulfate (20 mg L<sup>-1</sup>) increased the quality and number of plantlets produced from regeneration. Regenerated plantlets with proper length were transferred to the MS medium containing 0.5 mg L<sup>-1</sup> IAA with 500 mg L<sup>-1 </sup>activated charcoal as rooting medium with the highest percentage of root induction (88.3%). Rooted plants were adapted (more than 70%) successfully in the perlite and cocopeat mixture (1:1) under greenhouse condition.<br>
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ریزافزایی, شیپوری گلدانی, پینه, گیاه سوخوار
Micropropagation, Pot calla lily, Callus, Bulbous plant
13
18
http://flowerjournal.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-70-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
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