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:: Volume 5, Issue 1 (Spring and Summer 2020) ::
FOP 2020, 5(1): 37-50 Back to browse issues page
Effects of drought stress on some morphological characteristics and quercetin production levels of pot marigold at different stages of growth
Mahin Ghaemi , Zahra Zare * , Soodeh Samiee Paghaleh
Farhangian university
Abstract:   (2846 Views)
Calendula officinalis L. belongs to Asteraceae and is an ornamental and medicinal plant. Since diagnosis of medicinal plants growth under different irrigation conditions and drought stress can be a guide for growing plants in dry and low water conditions, the aim of this study was investigating of the effects of drought stress on morphological characteristics and quercetin amount, in different stages of plant growth of C. officinalis L. This research was conducted in Gorgan in a completely randomized factorial design, each treatment with 3 replications. The experimental treatments included three levels of stress (no stress, mild stress and severe stress) in pots under greenhouse conditions, at vegetative, pre-flowering, flowering, and fruiting stages. After determining the soil field capacity in the pots, the water content was calculated for control pots, and then its content was set at 2/3 for mild and 1/3 for drought stress. The pots were irrigated with the specified amount. After the treatments, plants were pulled from soil and their morphological traits including plant height, root length, stem length, leaf length, number of flowers, and flower diameter were measured. Moreover, their predominant flavonoid production (quercetin) was measured by liquid chromatography. Statistical analysis was performed SPSS software and means were compared using Duncan's multiple range test at 5% level. The results showed decreased plant height, leaf number and area and flower number and diameter, and increased root length by decreasing of soil moisture content at all stages of growth. The amount of quercetin increased in mild stress condition and decreased in severe stress condition at flowering and fruiting stages. The highest level of quercetin (59.11 mg g-1 dry weight) was belonged to mild drought stress at fruiting stage and the lowest level (41.05 mg g-1 dry weight) was belonged to severe drought stress at flowering stage. It can be concluded that plants produce more secondary metabolites in response to stress, and in severe stress, they produce fewer secondary metabolites due to lower plant growth rate.
Keywords: Calendula officinalis L., Drought stress, Morphological characteristics, Quercetin.
Full-Text [PDF 312 kb]   (789 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Research | Subject: Special
Received: 2020/04/15 | Accepted: 2021/02/23 | Published: 2021/05/3
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31. Aslani, Z., Hassani, A., Sadaghiyani, M.R., Sefidkon, F., Barin, M. (2011). Effect of two fungi species of arbuscular mycorrhizal (Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices) on growth, chlorophyll contents and P concentration in Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under drought stress conditions. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 27(3), 471-486. (in persian).
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41. Kumar Verma, P., Raina, R., Agarwal, S., Kour, H. (2018). Phytochemical ingredients and pharmacological potential of Calendula officinalis Linn. Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research, doi: 10.18502/pbr.v4i2.214. [DOI:10.18502/pbr.v4i2.214]
42. Kusaka, M., Ohta, M., Fujimura, T. (2005). Contribution of inorganic components to osmotic adjustment and leaf folding for drought tolerance in pearl millet. Physiologia Plantarum, 125, 474-489. [DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3054.2005.00578.x]
43. Lebaschy, M.H., Sharifi Ashoorabadi, E. (2004). Growth indices of some medicinal plants under different water stresses. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 20 (3), 249-26. (in persian).
44. Moradi Marjane E., Goldani M. (2011). Evaluation of different Salicylic Acid levels on some growth characteristics of (Calendula officinalis L.) under limited irrigation. Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences, 4(11),23-45. (in persian).
45. Moghadasan, Sh., Safipour Afshar, A., Saeid Nematpour, F. (2016). The Role of Mycorrhiza in Drought Tolerance of Marigold (Calendula officinalis L.). Journal of crop Ecophysiology, 9(4), 521-535.
46. Omidbeigi, R. (2000). Medicinal plants production and processing approaches. Tarahan Nashr Press. 424p. (In Persian).
47. Omidbaigi, R., Sadrai Menjili, K., Sefidkon, F. (2006). Effect of Sowing Dates in the Productivity of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) CV. Soroksari. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 21(4), 465-479. (in persian).
48. Osuagwu, G.G.E., Teixeira da Silva, J.A. Edeoga, H.O. (2011). Effect of Water Stress (Drought) on the Antimicrobial Activity of the Leaves of Ocimum gratissimum L. and Gongronema latifolium Benth. Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Science and Biotechnology, 5 (1), 38-42.
49. Petropoulos, S.A., Dimitra Daferera, Polissiou, M.G., Passam, H.C. (2008). The effect of water deficit stress on the growth, yield and composition of essential oils of parsley. Scientia Horticulturae, 115, 393- 397. [DOI:10.1016/j.scienta.2007.10.008]
50. Pourghasemian, N., Moradi, R. (2018). Assessing effect of drought stress and ascorbic acid application on some growth and bio-chemical parameters of marigold (Calendula officinalis L). Journal of plant process and function, 6 (19), 77-88. (in persian).
51. Rahimi, S., Pirzad, A., Jalilian, J., Tajbakhsh, M. (2017). Nutrients and biomass variations in Pot Marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) under water deficit stress and phosphorus (Chemical and Biological) sources. Journal of plant process and function, 6(21),185-196. (in persian).
52. Reddy A.R., Chaitanya K.V., Vivekanandan M. (2004). Drought-induced responses of photosynthesis and antioxidant metabolism in higher plants. Journal of Plant Physiology, 161, 1189-1202. [DOI:10.1016/j.jplph.2004.01.013]
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54. Salehi Sourmaghi M., Mansouri, M. (2014). Medicinal herbs and herbal remedies. Donyaye Taghzieh Press, 434p. (In Persian).
55. Samsam Shariat, H. (2005). Selection of medicinal plants. Mani press, 1034p. (In Persian).
56. Sankar, B., Jaleel, C.A., Manivannan, P., Kishorekumar, A., Somasundaram, R., Panneerselvam, R. (2007). Effect of paclobutrazol on water stress amelioration through antioxidants and free radical scavenging enzymes in Arachis hypogaea L. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.06.016. [DOI:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.06.016]
57. Specht, J.E., Chase, K., Macrander, M., Graef, G.L., Chung, J., Markwell, J.P., Germann, M., Orf, J.H., Lark, K.G. (2001). Soybean response to water: A QTL analysis of drought tolerance. Crop Science, doi: 10.2135/cropsci2001.412493x. [DOI:10.2135/cropsci2001.412493x]
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59. Zhang, M., Duan, L., Zhai, Z., Li, J., Tian, X., Wang, B., He, Z., Li, Z. (2004) Effects of plant growth regulators on water deficit-induced yield loss in soybean. Proceedings of the 4th International Crop Science Congress, Brisbane, Australia. ISBN 1-920842-20-9. Available at: www.cropscience.org.au
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Ghaemi M, Zare Z, Samiee Paghaleh S. Effects of drought stress on some morphological characteristics and quercetin production levels of pot marigold at different stages of growth. FOP 2020; 5 (1) :37-50
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Volume 5, Issue 1 (Spring and Summer 2020) Back to browse issues page
گل و گیاهان زینتی Flower and Ornamental Plants
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