1. Afkari, A. (2018). Impact of Super Absorbent Polymer on Physiological Traits and Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Mihan) Affected Drought Stress Conditions. Journal of Crop Nutrition Science, 4, 1-14.

2. Bates, L. S., Waldaren, R. P., Teare, I. D. (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Plant and Soil, 39, 205-208. [DOI:10.1007/BF00018060]

3. Bouhlel, I., Skandrani, I., Nefatti, A., Valenti, K., Ghedira, K., Mariotte, A. M., Chekir-Ghedira, L. (2009). Antigenotoxic and antioxidant activities of isorhamnetin 3-O neohesperidoside from Acacia salicina. Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 32, 258-267. [DOI:10.1080/01480540902882192]

4. Esmaeili, S., Danaeifar, A. (2022). Improved growth indices and tolerance of myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) to water-deficit stress by alleviating antioxidants and compatible osmolytes using a superabsorbent polymer. Flower and Ornamental Plants, 7, 163-172.

5. Hanson, J., Smeekens, S. (2009). Sugar perception and signaling an update. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 12, 562-567. [DOI:10.1016/j.pbi.2009.07.014]

6. Huettermann, A., Orikiriza, L. J., Agaba, H. (2009). Application of superabsorbent polymers for improving the ecological chemistry of degraded or polluted lands. CLEAN-Soil, Air, Water, 37, 517-526. [DOI:10.1002/clen.200900048]

7. Irigoyen, J. J., Einerich, D. W., Sánchez‐Díaz, M. (1992). Water stress induced changes in concentrations of proline and total soluble sugars in nodulated alfalfa (Medicago sativd) plants. Physiologia Plantarum, 84, 55-60. [DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1992.tb08764.x]

8. Islam, M. R., Hu, Y., Mao, S., Jia, P., Eneji, A. E., Xue, X. (2011). Effects of water‐saving superabsorbent polymer on antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in corn (Zea mays L.) under drought stress. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 91, 813-819. [DOI:10.1002/jsfa.4252]

9. Islam, M. R., Xue, X., Mao, S., Ren, C., Eneji, A. E., Hu, Y. (2011). Effects of water‐saving superabsorbent polymer on antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in oat (Avena sativa L.) under drought stress. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 91, 680-686. [DOI:10.1002/jsfa.4234]

10. Jaleel, C. A., Manivannan, A. M., Wahid, A., Farooq, M., Al-Juburi, H. J., Somasundaram, R. Y., Panneerselvam, R. (2009). Drought stress in plants: a review on morphological characteristics and pigments composition. International Journal of Agriculture Biology, 11, 100-105.

11. Kenawy, E. R., Saad-Allah, K., Hosny, A. (2018). Mitigation of drought stress on three summer crop species using the superabsorbent composite Gelatin-gp (AA-co-AM)/RH. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 49, 2828-2842. [DOI:10.1080/00103624.2018.1546871]

12. Keshavars, L., Farahbakhsh, H., Golkar, P. (2012). The effects of drought stress and super absorbent polymer on morphphysiological traits of pear millet (Pennisetum glaucum). International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences, 3, 148-154.

13. Khadem, S. A., Galavi, M., Ramrodi, M., Mousavi, S. R., Rousta, M. J., Rezvani-Moghadam, P. (2010). Effect of animal manure and superabsorbent polymer on corn leaf relative water content, cell membrane stability and leaf chlorophyll content under dry condition. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 4, 642-745.

14. Khaleghi, E., Moallemi, N. (2018). Effect of superabsorbent polymers on some morphological characteristics of olive cultivars' Baghmalek 'and' Dezphol' under water deficit. Journal of Horticulture Science, 31, 671-682 (in Persian).

15. Li, J., Liu, L., Zhou, H., Li, M. (2018). Improved viability of areca (Areca catechu L.) seedlings under drought stress using a superabsorbent polymer. HortScience, 53, 1872-1876. [DOI:10.21273/HORTSCI13586-18]

16. Li, Y., Shi, H., Zhang, H., Chen, S. (2019). Amelioration of drought effects in wheat and cucumber by the combined application of super absorbent polymer and potential. Biofertilizer, 7, 6073-6088. [DOI:10.7717/peerj.6073]

17. Lichtenthaler, H. K. (1987). ChloropHylls and carotenoids: pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. Methods in Enzymology, 148, 350-382. [DOI:10.1016/0076-6879(87)48036-1]

18. Liu, D., Wu, L., Naeem, M. S., Liu, H., Deng, X., Xu, L., Zhou, W. (2013). 5-Aminolevulinic acid enhances photosynthetic gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and antioxidant system in oilseed rape under drought stress. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 35, 2747-2759. [DOI:10.1007/s11738-013-1307-9]

19. Lutts, S., Kinet, M., Bouhranmon, J. (1996). Na-Cl induced senesce in leave of rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars difference in salinity resistance. Annuals of Botany, 78, 389-398. [DOI:10.1006/anbo.1996.0134]

20. Mathobo, R., Marais, D., Steyn, J. M. (2017). The effect of drought stress on yield, leaf gaseous exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence of dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Agricultural Water Management, 180, 118-125. [DOI:10.1016/j.agwat.2016.11.005]

21. Mazloom, N., Khorassani, R., Zohury, G. H., Emami, H., Whalen, J. (2020). Lignin-based hydrogel alleviates drought stress in maize. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 175, 1-8. [DOI:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2020.104055]

22. Moallemi, N., Khaleghi, E., Danaeifar, A. (2022). Investigating the effect of using three types of superabsorbent polymers on NPK absorption under drought stress conditions. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Soil Science and Agricultural Mechanization, (Scientific Journal of Agriculture). 45, 153-166. (in Persian).

23. Nazarli, H., Zardashti, M. R., Darvishzadeh, R., Najafi, S. (2010). The effect of water stress and polymer on water use efficiency, yield and several morphological traits of sunflower under greenhouse condition. Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 2, 53-58. [DOI:10.15835/nsb244823]

24. Nazarli, H., Faraji, F., Zardashti, M. R. (2011). Effect of drought stress and polymer on osmotic adjustment and photosynthetic pigments of sunflower. Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova, 44, 35-41. [DOI:10.2478/v10298-012-0022-9]

25. Oliet, J. A., Planelles, R., Artero, F., Domingo-Santos, J. M. (2016). Establishing Acacia salicina under dry Mediterranean conditions: The effects of nursery fertilization and tree shelters on a mid-term experiment with saline irrigation. Ciencia e investigación agraria, 43, 69-84. [DOI:10.4067/S0718-16202016000100007]

26. Oraee, A., Moghadam, E. G. (2013). The effect of different levels of irrigation with superabsorbent (SAP) treatment on growth and development of Myrobalan (Prunus cerasifera) seedling. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 8, 1813-1816. [DOI:10.5897/AJAR12.1649]

27. Sayyari, M., Ghanbari, F. (2012). Effects of super absorbent polymer A200 on the growth, yield and some physiological responses in sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under various irrigation regimes. International Journal of Agricultural and Food Research, 1, 21-36. [DOI:10.24102/ijafr.v1i1.123]

28. Smart, R. E., Bingham, G. E. (1974). Rapid estimates of relative water content. Plant Physiology, 53, 258-260. [DOI:10.1104/pp.53.2.258]

29. Tongo, A., Mahdavi, A., Sayad, E. (2014). Effect of superabsorbent polymer aquasorb on chlorophyll, antioxidant enzymes and some growth characteristics of Acacia victoriae seedlings under drought stress. Ecopersia, 2, 571-583.

30. Tomášková, I., Svatoš, M., Macků, J., Vanická, H., Resnerová, K., Čepl, J., Dohrenbusch, A. (2020). Effect of different soil treatments with hydrogel on the performance of drought-sensitive and tolerant tree species in a semi-arid region. Forests, 11, 1-15. [DOI:10.3390/f11020211]

31. Yang, F., Cen, R., Feng, W., Liu, J., Qu, Z., Miao, Q. (2020). Effects of Super-Absorbent Polymer on Soil Remediation and Crop Growth in Arid and Semi-Arid Areas. Sustainability, 12, 1-13. [DOI:10.3390/su12187825]

32. Yazdani, F., Allahdadi, I., Akbari, G. A. (2007). Impact of superabsorbent polymer on yield and growth analysis of soybean (Glycine max L.) under drought stress condition. Pakistan Journal Biological Science, 10, 4190-4196. [DOI:10.3923/pjbs.2007.4190.4196]

33. Xue, G. P., McIntyre, C. L., Glassop, D., Shorter, R. (2008). Use of expression analysis to dissect alterations in carbohydrate metabolism in wheat leaves during drought stress. Plant Molecular Biology, 67, 197-214. [DOI:10.1007/s11103-008-9311-y]

34. Zohuriaan-Mehr, M. J., Kabiri, K. (2008). Superabsorbent polymer materials: a review. Iranian Polymer Journal, 17, 451-168.

35. Afkari, A. (2018). Impact of Super Absorbent Polymer on Physiological Traits and Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Mihan) Affected Drought Stress Conditions. Journal of Crop Nutrition Science, 4, 1-14.

36. Bates, L. S., Waldaren, R. P., Teare, I. D. (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Plant and Soil, 39, 205-208. [DOI:10.1007/BF00018060]

37. Bouhlel, I., Skandrani, I., Nefatti, A., Valenti, K., Ghedira, K., Mariotte, A. M., Chekir-Ghedira, L. (2009). Antigenotoxic and antioxidant activities of isorhamnetin 3-O neohesperidoside from Acacia salicina. Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 32, 258-267. [DOI:10.1080/01480540902882192]

38. Esmaeili, S., Danaeifar, A. (2022). Improved growth indices and tolerance of myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) to water-deficit stress by alleviating antioxidants and compatible osmolytes using a superabsorbent polymer. Flower and Ornamental Plants, 7, 163-172.

39. Hanson, J., Smeekens, S. (2009). Sugar perception and signaling an update. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 12, 562-567. [DOI:10.1016/j.pbi.2009.07.014]

40. Huettermann, A., Orikiriza, L. J., Agaba, H. (2009). Application of superabsorbent polymers for improving the ecological chemistry of degraded or polluted lands. CLEAN-Soil, Air, Water, 37, 517-526. [DOI:10.1002/clen.200900048]

41. Irigoyen, J. J., Einerich, D. W., Sánchez‐Díaz, M. (1992). Water stress induced changes in concentrations of proline and total soluble sugars in nodulated alfalfa (Medicago sativd) plants. Physiologia Plantarum, 84, 55-60. [DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1992.tb08764.x]

42. Islam, M. R., Hu, Y., Mao, S., Jia, P., Eneji, A. E., Xue, X. (2011). Effects of water‐saving superabsorbent polymer on antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in corn (Zea mays L.) under drought stress. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 91, 813-819. [DOI:10.1002/jsfa.4252]

43. Islam, M. R., Xue, X., Mao, S., Ren, C., Eneji, A. E., Hu, Y. (2011). Effects of water‐saving superabsorbent polymer on antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in oat (Avena sativa L.) under drought stress. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 91, 680-686. [DOI:10.1002/jsfa.4234]

44. Jaleel, C. A., Manivannan, A. M., Wahid, A., Farooq, M., Al-Juburi, H. J., Somasundaram, R. Y., Panneerselvam, R. (2009). Drought stress in plants: a review on morphological characteristics and pigments composition. International Journal of Agriculture Biology, 11, 100-105.

45. Kenawy, E. R., Saad-Allah, K., Hosny, A. (2018). Mitigation of drought stress on three summer crop species using the superabsorbent composite Gelatin-gp (AA-co-AM)/RH. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 49, 2828-2842. [DOI:10.1080/00103624.2018.1546871]

46. Keshavars, L., Farahbakhsh, H., Golkar, P. (2012). The effects of drought stress and super absorbent polymer on morphphysiological traits of pear millet (Pennisetum glaucum). International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences, 3, 148-154.

47. Khadem, S. A., Galavi, M., Ramrodi, M., Mousavi, S. R., Rousta, M. J., Rezvani-Moghadam, P. (2010). Effect of animal manure and superabsorbent polymer on corn leaf relative water content, cell membrane stability and leaf chlorophyll content under dry condition. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 4, 642-745.

48. Khaleghi, E., Moallemi, N. (2018). Effect of superabsorbent polymers on some morphological characteristics of olive cultivars' Baghmalek 'and' Dezphol' under water deficit. Journal of Horticulture Science, 31, 671-682 (in Persian).

49. Li, J., Liu, L., Zhou, H., Li, M. (2018). Improved viability of areca (Areca catechu L.) seedlings under drought stress using a superabsorbent polymer. HortScience, 53, 1872-1876. [DOI:10.21273/HORTSCI13586-18]

50. Li, Y., Shi, H., Zhang, H., Chen, S. (2019). Amelioration of drought effects in wheat and cucumber by the combined application of super absorbent polymer and potential. Biofertilizer, 7, 6073-6088. [DOI:10.7717/peerj.6073]

51. Lichtenthaler, H. K. (1987). ChloropHylls and carotenoids: pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. Methods in Enzymology, 148, 350-382. [DOI:10.1016/0076-6879(87)48036-1]

52. Liu, D., Wu, L., Naeem, M. S., Liu, H., Deng, X., Xu, L., Zhou, W. (2013). 5-Aminolevulinic acid enhances photosynthetic gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and antioxidant system in oilseed rape under drought stress. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 35, 2747-2759. [DOI:10.1007/s11738-013-1307-9]

53. Lutts, S., Kinet, M., Bouhranmon, J. (1996). Na-Cl induced senesce in leave of rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars difference in salinity resistance. Annuals of Botany, 78, 389-398. [DOI:10.1006/anbo.1996.0134]

54. Mathobo, R., Marais, D., Steyn, J. M. (2017). The effect of drought stress on yield, leaf gaseous exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence of dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Agricultural Water Management, 180, 118-125. [DOI:10.1016/j.agwat.2016.11.005]

55. Mazloom, N., Khorassani, R., Zohury, G. H., Emami, H., Whalen, J. (2020). Lignin-based hydrogel alleviates drought stress in maize. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 175, 1-8. [DOI:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2020.104055]

56. Moallemi, N., Khaleghi, E., Danaeifar, A. (2022). Investigating the effect of using three types of superabsorbent polymers on NPK absorption under drought stress conditions. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Soil Science and Agricultural Mechanization, (Scientific Journal of Agriculture). 45, 153-166. (in Persian).

57. Nazarli, H., Zardashti, M. R., Darvishzadeh, R., Najafi, S. (2010). The effect of water stress and polymer on water use efficiency, yield and several morphological traits of sunflower under greenhouse condition. Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 2, 53-58. [DOI:10.15835/nsb244823]

58. Nazarli, H., Faraji, F., Zardashti, M. R. (2011). Effect of drought stress and polymer on osmotic adjustment and photosynthetic pigments of sunflower. Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova, 44, 35-41. [DOI:10.2478/v10298-012-0022-9]

59. Oliet, J. A., Planelles, R., Artero, F., Domingo-Santos, J. M. (2016). Establishing Acacia salicina under dry Mediterranean conditions: The effects of nursery fertilization and tree shelters on a mid-term experiment with saline irrigation. Ciencia e investigación agraria, 43, 69-84. [DOI:10.4067/S0718-16202016000100007]

60. Oraee, A., Moghadam, E. G. (2013). The effect of different levels of irrigation with superabsorbent (SAP) treatment on growth and development of Myrobalan (Prunus cerasifera) seedling. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 8, 1813-1816. [DOI:10.5897/AJAR12.1649]

61. Sayyari, M., Ghanbari, F. (2012). Effects of super absorbent polymer A200 on the growth, yield and some physiological responses in sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under various irrigation regimes. International Journal of Agricultural and Food Research, 1, 21-36. [DOI:10.24102/ijafr.v1i1.123]

62. Smart, R. E., Bingham, G. E. (1974). Rapid estimates of relative water content. Plant Physiology, 53, 258-260. [DOI:10.1104/pp.53.2.258]

63. Tongo, A., Mahdavi, A., Sayad, E. (2014). Effect of superabsorbent polymer aquasorb on chlorophyll, antioxidant enzymes and some growth characteristics of Acacia victoriae seedlings under drought stress. Ecopersia, 2, 571-583.

64. Tomášková, I., Svatoš, M., Macků, J., Vanická, H., Resnerová, K., Čepl, J., Dohrenbusch, A. (2020). Effect of different soil treatments with hydrogel on the performance of drought-sensitive and tolerant tree species in a semi-arid region. Forests, 11, 1-15. [DOI:10.3390/f11020211]

65. Yang, F., Cen, R., Feng, W., Liu, J., Qu, Z., Miao, Q. (2020). Effects of Super-Absorbent Polymer on Soil Remediation and Crop Growth in Arid and Semi-Arid Areas. Sustainability, 12, 1-13. [DOI:10.3390/su12187825]

66. Yazdani, F., Allahdadi, I., Akbari, G. A. (2007). Impact of superabsorbent polymer on yield and growth analysis of soybean (Glycine max L.) under drought stress condition. Pakistan Journal Biological Science, 10, 4190-4196. [DOI:10.3923/pjbs.2007.4190.4196]

67. Xue, G. P., McIntyre, C. L., Glassop, D., Shorter, R. (2008). Use of expression analysis to dissect alterations in carbohydrate metabolism in wheat leaves during drought stress. Plant Molecular Biology, 67, 197-214. [DOI:10.1007/s11103-008-9311-y]

68. Zohuriaan-Mehr, M. J., Kabiri, K. (2008). Superabsorbent polymer materials: a review. Iranian Polymer Journal, 17, 451-168.